第谷读书会·第5期 | 《Bit By Bit：Research in the Digital Age》完结

是奥美数据科学实验室的成员们于2018年9月发起的定期读书会，致力于满足参与者在求学过程交流知识的需要。我们将每个月一起阅读特定的书目，通过成员的互动、交流，促进思想的碰撞，以期从前沿科学领域获得新的研究灵感，孕育全新的科研思想。 

主题涉及：计算社会科学、数据科学、网络科学等。

《Bit by Bit: Social Research in the Digital Age 》

        上周我们探讨了数字时代的大规模合作（mass collaboration），在数字时代各种形式的大规模合作成为可能，作者将数字时代的大规模合作分为三类：第一类是human computation：human computation适用于解决任务简单但规模巨大的问题，譬如给百万图片贴标签；第二类是open call：open call project适用于需要新颖和出乎意料的答案的问题，参与者需要一些特殊的技能，研究的结果是来自于参与者贡献的最佳答案；第三类是distributed data ：collection distributed data collection适用于大规模的数据的收集，参与者位于研究者并不在的地理位置，经典例子是成百上千的志愿者写关于他们见到的鸟类的报告。作者在第5章节向我们展示从大规模合作中可以学习到什么，然后通过各种例子去详尽地解释三种类型的大规模合作，最后提出5个规则，帮助研究者将大规模合作的方式应用到社会科学研究。

A Review of the Whole Book

        As the author said in the introduction, social researchers are in the process of making a transition like the transition from photography to cinematography. 

        In this book, we’ve seen how researchers have started using the capabilities of the digital age to observe behavior (Chapter 2), ask questions (Chapter 3), run experiments (Chapter 4), and collaborate (Chapter 5) in ways that were simply impossible in the quite recent past. 

        We will see in the last two chapters :

        Researchers who take advantage of these opportunities will also have to confront difficult, ambiguous ethical decisions (Chapter 6). 

        In this last chapter,——The Future，the author highlights three themes that run through these chapters and that will be important for the future of social research.

How should you think about

the ethics of your own work?

What can you do to 

make your own work more ethical?

In the sixth chapter

you will learn 

    6.2 Three examples

        6.2.1 Emotional Contagion

        6.2.2 Taste, Ties, and Time

        6.2.3 Encore

    6.3 Digital is different

    6.4 Four principles

        6.4.1 Respect for Persons

        6.4.2 Beneficence

        6.4.3 Justice

        6.4.4 Respect forLaw and Public Interest

    6.5 Two ethical frameworks

    6.6Four Areas of difficulty

        6.6.1 Informed consent

        6.6.2 Understanding and managing informational risk

        6.6.3 Privacy

        6.6.4 Making decisions in the face of uncertainty

    6 .7 Three Practical tips

        6.7.1 The IRB is a floor, not a ceiling

        6.7.2 Put yourself in everyone else‘s shoes

        6.7.3 Think of research ethics as continuous

    6.8 Conclusion

    Historical appendix 

      In the Historical Appendix ，you will know the evolution of the current system of research ethics oversight in the United States including the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, the Belmont Report, the Common Rule, and the Menlo Report。

In the seventh chapter

        In this last chapter,the author highlights three themes that run through these chapters and that will be important for the future of social research.

Three Themes of the the future

        7.2.1 The blending of Readymades and Custommades

        7.2.2 Participant-centered data collection

        7.2.3 Ethics in research design

After the sharing，

we will invite everyone to talk about his/her feeling or thoughts of this book .

Please be prepared,thank you !

时间：2018.11.02（本周五）

           18:30-21:30

地点：南京大学仙林校区

           新闻传播学院310室

须知：

1.请提前阅读完《Bit By Bit》第6&7章。（https://www.bitbybitbook.com/en/preface/）